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  1. Exams
  2. IIT JEE
  3. Mathematics
  4. Coordinate geometry
26 marks

Coordinate geometry

This chapter introduces the Cartesian coordinate system, distance formula, section formula, and basic concepts of lines.

8 Topics
20h prep
1.9% subject weight
8 Topics
1

Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane

2m1/10
📌 Key Formulax-coordinate (abscissa), y-coordinate (ordinate), origin (0,0).
2

Distance formula

2m1/10
📌 Key FormulaDistance between (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) = √[(x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²]
3

Sections formula

2m2/10
📌 Key FormulaInternal division: ( (mx₂ + nx₁)/(m+n), (my₂ + ny₁)/(m+n) ), External division: ( (mx₂ - nx₁)/(m-n), (my₂ - ny₁)/(m-n) )
4

Locus and its equation

2m3/10
📌 Key FormulaSet of points satisfying given conditions, expressed as equation in x and y.
5

Translation of axes

2m2/10
📌 Key FormulaIf origin shifted to (h, k), then X = x - h, Y = y - k
6

The slope of a line

2m1/10
📌 Key Formulam = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁) = tan θ (θ inclination with +x axis)
7

Parallel and perpendicular lines

2m1/10
📌 Key FormulaParallel: m₁ = m₂, Perpendicular: m₁ m₂ = -1
8

Intercepts of a line on the coordinate axis

2m1/10
📌 Key Formulax-intercept (a) and y-intercept (b) of line: x/a + y/b = 1